About Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis
Key Highlights
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Allows for the selection of embryos free from specific genetic disorders before pregnancy begins.Significantly reduces the risk of passing on inherited conditions like cystic fibrosis, Huntington's disease, or chromosomal abnormalities.Can help improve IVF success rates by identifying chromosomally normal embryos with higher implantation potential.Provides valuable information for family planning, especially for couples with a known genetic carrier status.May reduce the emotional and physical burden associated with terminating a pregnancy following a prenatal diagnosis.
Who is this surgery for?
- One or both partners are known carriers of a single-gene disorder (e.g., sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, Tay-Sachs).
- A family history of a specific X-linked genetic disorder.
- One partner has a chromosomal rearrangement (translocation) that can cause recurrent miscarriage or birth defects.
- Advanced maternal age (typically over 35), which increases the risk of embryonic aneuploidy (abnormal chromosome number).
- History of recurrent implantation failure or unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss.
- To select an HLA-matched embryo for a sibling who requires a stem cell transplant (savior sibling).
- Previous pregnancy or child with a chromosomal abnormality.
How to prepare
- Comprehensive genetic counseling and risk assessment for both partners to confirm the indication for PGD.
- Standard IVF preparation, including ovarian stimulation with fertility medications to produce multiple eggs.
- Egg retrieval procedure under sedation.
- Fertilization of the retrieved eggs with sperm in the lab via conventional IVF or ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection).
- Embryo culture for 5-6 days until they reach the blastocyst stage.
- Development of a specific genetic probe or test for the condition being screened, which may take several weeks.
Risks & possible complications
- Standard risks associated with the IVF process, including ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) and risks from egg retrieval.
- Potential for embryo damage during the biopsy procedure, though this risk is low in experienced labs.
- Misdiagnosis due to technical limitations, mosaicism (where some cells in the embryo are normal and others are abnormal), or test error.
- No normal embryos may be available for transfer, ending the cycle.
- Ethical considerations regarding embryo selection and potential for discarding affected embryos.
- The procedure does not guarantee a successful pregnancy or a completely healthy baby, as it screens only for the specific tested conditions.
Recovery & hospital stay
- Physical recovery from the embryo transfer is minimal; patients can resume light activities almost immediately.
- Patients may be prescribed progesterone supplements to support the uterine lining after the transfer.
- A pregnancy blood test (beta-hCG) is typically scheduled 10-14 days after the embryo transfer.
- If pregnancy is achieved, standard prenatal care is initiated, including confirmatory prenatal diagnostic testing (like CVS or amniocentesis) as recommended, as PGD is highly accurate but not 100%.
- Emotional support is crucial, as the PGD and IVF process can be stressful; counseling may be beneficial.
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Typical hospital stay: 0 days (outpatient procedure for egg retrieval and transfer)
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Expected recovery time: 1-2 days (physical recovery from procedures)
Frequently Asked Questions
If you are considering preimplantation genetic diagnosis in India, these questions and answers can help you make a confident, informed decision.
Top-rated hospitals in India with ivf and reproductive medicine departments and experienced surgeons are ideal for this procedure. Use MediFyr to compare facilities, reviews, and doctor profiles before you decide.
Look at the doctor’s years of experience, hospital association, patient reviews, and how often they perform preimplantation genetic diagnosis. MediFyr helps you compare ivf and reproductive medicines and book consultations online.
The overall cost depends on hospital category, surgeon’s experience, room type, implant or device used (if any), length of stay, tests, and post-operative care. Our team can help you get cost estimates from multiple hospitals before you decide.
Procedure cost in other countries
Here is an overview of how the estimated cost, hospital stay, and recovery time for preimplantation genetic diagnosis compare across other countries where we have data.
| Country | Estimated cost range | Typical stay | Recovery time | View details |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| India | INR 250 Thousand – 500 Thousand | 0 days (outpatient procedure for egg retrieval and transfer) | ~ 1-2 days (physical recovery from procedures) | Know More |
| Turkey | TRY 875 Thousand – 1.75 Million | 0 days (outpatient procedure for egg retrieval and transfer) | ~ 1-2 days (physical recovery from procedures) | Know More |
Myra Sharma, a 38-year-old architect, and...
Myra Sharma, a 38-year-old architect, and her husband had endured three heartbreaking miscarriages in two years, each occurring in the first trimester. Genetic testing revealed Myra was a balanced translocation carrier, a chromosomal rearrangement that significantly increased the risk of miscarriage and genetic disorders in their children. Their fertility specialist, Dr. Kapoor, gently explained that while Myra could conceive naturally, the odds of a healthy, full-term pregnancy were very low. He recommended PGD as part of an IVF cycle to screen embryos for the specific chromosomal imbalance. The process was physically and emotionally grueling for Myra, hormone injections, egg retrieval, and the agonizing two-week wait for results. Of the eight embryos created, only two were chromosomally balanced and suitable for transfer. The first transfer was successful. Myra's pregnancy was closely monitored but progressed normally. She gave birth to a healthy baby girl. Emotionally, Myra moved from a place of profound grief and fear of never becoming a mother to cautious hope during the PGD process. After the successful birth, she felt an overwhelming sense of relief and gratitude, though she still carries a quiet empathy for the embryos that couldn't be used and the painful journey that led them here.
IVF and Reproductive Medicines for Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis
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